WARGA TUA DAN GERONTOLOGI

Menurut World Assembly On Ageing, 1982 :

Warga Emas Golongan yang berumur 60 tahun dan ke atas.

Gerontologi Kajian ke atas aspek sosial, psikologi dan biologi kepada orang tua

HARI WARGA TUA KEBANGSAAN PADA

1 OKTOBER SETIAP TAHUN

JABATAN KEBAJIKAN MASYARAKAT (JKM)

v Merupakan agensi kerajaan di bawah Kementerian Pembangunan Wanita, Keluarga dan Masyarakat.

v Bertindak dalam memberi bantuan kepada GOLONGAN WARGA EMAS, orang kurang upaya, fakir miskin, anak yatim dsb.

v Memberi alat bantuan seperti :

@ kaki dan tangan palsu

@ tongkat tangan

@ kerusi roda

@ alat pendengaran

@ cermin mata khas

@ kasut khas

@ calipers

v Bantuan kewangan sebanyak RM300

v Institusi berkaitan adalah:

a. RUMAH SERI KENANGAN (RSK) :

Institusi yang beri perlindungan dan penjagaan kepada warga tua.

b. RUMAH EHSAN (RE) :

Memberi perlindungan dan penjagaan kepada warga tua yang sakit melarat atau terlantar.

DASAR WARGA TUA NEGARA

Bertujuan untuk mewujudkan masyarakat warga tua yang sejahtera dan bermaruah di samping mendapat penjagaan dan perlindungan sebagai ahli keluarga, masyarakat dan negara.

AKTA :

Ø Akta Orang Papa 1977 (akta 183)

Ø Akta Pusat Jagaan

KAEDAH :

Ø Kaedah Pengurusan Rumah Orang Tua 1983

Ø Kaedah (Rumah Kebajikan) Orang-orang Papa 1983

Ø Kaedah Rumah-rumah Pesakit melarat 1978

PENYAKIT YANG BIASA DIALAMI OLEH WARGA TUA

v Penyakit 3 serangkai - darah tinggi, diabetis dan sakit jantung

v Dementia - masalah keupayaan kognitif yang wujud bersama masalah emosi

v Drug abuse - terlalu bergantung kepada ubat-ubatan

v Parkinson - mempunyai masalah berkaitan saraf dan otot.

v Anxiety - mempunyai masalah tidur

v Alzheimer - memberi kesan kepada ingatan cth : nyanyuk.

PERANAN PEKERJA SOSIAL (PS)

Ø PS sebagai avokator( penghubung) kepada warga tua untuk mendapat sumber-sumber yang diperlukan

Ø PS gerontologi membantu mengurangkan kebergantungan,meningkatkan autonomi dan martabat warga tua.

Ø Ps akan memberikan kaunseling dan dapatkan rawatan psikoterapi.

Ø Membantu mendapatkan bantuan makanan, kesihatan, kewangan dan rumah jagaan.

Ø Membantu warga tua yang menghadapi masalah penderaan

Ø Membantu dalam memberi sokongan kepada warga tua yang sudah bersara.

What is "Social Welfare"?

Social Welfare and Social Work are two different terms. Social Welfare have subjective definitions, and it's different among one person to one person to define it. These are some definition to understand what is "Social Welfare".

Business Dictionary:

"Organization that draws its support from a broad base within the community, along with schools, churches, and hospitals. More generous contribution limitations apply to donors. Generally, aggregate income from the four previous years must be received from individual contributions or governmental sources, and not more than one-third may consist of investment income and unrelated business income."

Columbia Encyclopedia:

"Social welfare or public charity, organized provision of educational, cultural, medical, and financial assistance to the needy. Modern social welfare measures may include any of the following: the care of destitute adults; the treatment of the mentally ill; the rehabilitation of criminals; the care of destitute, neglected, and delinquent children; the care and relief of the sick or handicapped; the care and relief of needy families; and supervisory, educational, and constructive activity, especially for the young."

Among the Greeks and Romans public assistance was given chiefly to those holding full citizenship. It was early connected with religion, as among the Hebrews and, from them, among the Christians and later the Muslims. The Christian Church was the main agency of social welfare in the Middle Ages, supplemented by the guilds. Later, national and local governmental agencies, as well as many private agencies, took over much of the charitable activity of the church.

Refference:

See R. E. Asher, United Nations and the Promotion of the General Welfare (1957); H. Kraus, ed., International Cooperation for Social Welfare (1960); A. C. Marts, Man's Concern for His Fellow-man (1961); S. Mencher, Poor Law to Poverty Program (1967); J. F. Handler, Reforming the Poor (1972); E. W. Martin, Comparative Development in Social Welfare (1972); W. I. Trattner, From Poor Law to Welfare State (1974).